Branched Chain Alkane Definition

An alkane is a saturated hydrocarbon. Alkanes may be linear, branched, or cyclic. Heres what you need to know about the branched alkanes. Branched Alkane Definition A branched chain alkane or branched alkane is an alkane which has alkyl groups bonded to its central carbon chain. Branched alkanes contain only carbon and hydrogen (C and H) atoms, with carbons connected to other carbons by single bonds only, but the molecules contain branches (methyl, ethyl, etc.) so they are not linear.   How to Name Simple Branched Chain Alkanes There are two parts to each name of a branched alkane. You may consider these parts as prefix and suffix, branch name and stem name, or alkyl and alkane. The alkyl groups or substituents are named in the same way as the parent alkanes, except each contains the suffix -yl. When not named, alkyl groups are represented as R-. Here is a table of common substituents: Substituent Name CH3- methyl CH3CH2- ethyl CH3CH2CH2- propyl CH3CH2CH2CH2- butyl CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2- pentyl Names are constructed in the form  locant  Ã‚  substituent prefix  Ã‚  root name according to these rules: Name the longest alkane chain. This is the longest string of carbons.Identify the side chains or branches.Name each side chain.Number the stem carbons such that the side chains will have the lowest numbers.Use a hyphen (-) to separate the number of the stem carbon from the name of the side chain.The prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, etc. are used when there is more than one alkyl group attached to the main carbon chain, indicating how many times the specific alkyl group occurs.Write the names of different types of alkyl groups in alphabetical order.Branched alkanes may have the prefix iso. Examples of Branched Chain Alkane Names 2-methylpropane (This is the smallest branched chain alkane.)2-methylheptane2,3-dimethylhexane2,3,4-trimethylpentane Different Methods of Representing Branched Alkanes Linear and branched alkanes may be represented using a: skeletal formula, showing only bonds between carbon atomsshortened structural formula, showing atoms, but no bondsfull structural formula, with all atoms and bonds depicted3-D model, showing atoms and bonds in three dimensions Importance and Uses of Branched Alkanes Alkanes do not readily react because they are saturated hydrocarbons. However, they can be made to react to yield energy or to make useful products. Branched alkanes are of particular importance in the petroleum industry. When provided sufficient activation energy, alkanes react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy, thus alkanes are valuable fuels.The process of cracking breaks longer chains alkanes into smaller alkanes and alkenes to increase octane number and to make polymers.C4-C6 alkanes may be heated with platinum or aluminum oxide catalysts to cause isomerism to produce branched chain alkanes. This is used to improve octane number.Reforming increases the number of cycloalkanes and benzene ring-containing hydrocarbons to improve octane number.

Obesity Is A Problem Of Obesity - 1836 Words

Thirty five percent, nearly one million people in the state of Arkansas, are obese.(â€Å"Overweight and Obesity Statistics† 1)As more and more states are on the rise with their obesity rates, with no signs of it slowing down. Obesity is quickly becoming a epidemic in the U.S, and the government is not making any moves to try and stop this problem. Due to reviewing many studies focused on the drastic effects of obesity, it is clear that obesity is a problem. But to many obesity is seen as a problem that can be easily fixed, and that it does not affect them beacause they don’t see them selfs as obese. However, they have forgeten the effects it has on children, the future generations of Americans, as well as the ways it can inderictly effect Americans. To solve this the U.S government, should impose a law that taxes foods that pass certain health restrictions. This will force people to reconsider what foods they cosume, as well the foods they purchase. This will begin th e processes of ending obesity, by first targeting the diets people have. PROBLEM DESCRIPTION Obesity’s primary cause is due to the unhealthy nature of peoples diets, and how they don’t believe that their diet is un-healthy for them. In todays day and age, many people have false beliefs on what an healthy diet consistensts of. Because of the misrepresentations they have seen on public televison, social media, as well as their own doctors. The diet most Americans beleive is good for them, consisents of foods highShow MoreRelatedObesity : The Problem Of Obesity1643 Words   |  7 PagesTeen Obesity In Chicago Many Latino teens in Chicago suffer from what is called obesity. Throughout the Chicagoland, there are a variety communities that show health factor. In the Pilsen Community, obesity is highly defined in that area which determines the outlook on how Pilsen is in need of help for young teens to stay fit and lower the amount of obese teens that are in the Pilsen community. The problem would much simplier be not enough exercise or unhealthy foods that teens eat. However lackRead MoreThe Problem Of Obesity And Obesity1505 Words   |  7 Pagesabout Obesity, which has become one of the biggest issues in America. Obesity is the accumulation of unnecessary body fat. It is a lifestyle disease that is spreading fast worldwide. This disease is affecting individuals of all age, ethnicity, and gender. As we all know, America has an extended history of solving complex problems, but it seems like obesity has stuck with the American people. 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Are the food companies to blame for the price of their fattening food or should we say the people paying to eat at these places daily are at fault for their own health issues? There is many controversies over this topic, but we’re going to discover who is actually the culprit to the lingering questions of the rise in obesity, for both adults and children. EveryoneRead MoreThe Problem Of Obesity And Obesity1163 Words   |  5 PagesOne contemporary problem of health is obesity. Obesity is considered a lifestyle disease since it is not infectious or contagious and because it is chronic. But since it is labeled as a lifestyle disease, many people, both lay people and experts, only look at overweight and obese individual’s lifestyles and criticizes them. But not to look at wider possibilities that could be having a great influence on this epidemic (Warwick-Booth, Cross, and Lowcock, 2012). This can be seen in how people talk aboutRead MoreObesity : The Problem Of Obesity2110 Words   |  9 Pages Obesity in Children by Jackie Vu†¨C02171413 Goldenwest College for Psyc G118: Lifespan Development Dr. Yvonne Valenzuela November 16, 2014  Obesity in Children The problem of obesity in children is a serious issue in the United States and across the world. Results of recent research indicated that approximately one quarter of children ages 2-5 and one third of children of school age are considered to be overweight or obese in the U.S. (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, Flegal, 2014). AccordingRead MoreObesity : The Problem With Obesity Essay2201 Words   |  9 PagesMany Americans today face the problem with obesity. This happens to be one of the most concerned health problems in the United States and what is even worse is that the age group that we are most worried about is the young children. Certain measures are not being taken to protect the health of our children. The diet and physical activity have taken a turn for the worst. Those are the two main factors to a healthy lifestyle and when they aren’t being enforced at a young age then kids most likely aren’tRead MoreThe Problem With Obesity And Obesity995 Words   |  4 Pagesyou really know what is inside the can? Everything we put in our body effects us. From vegetables to doughnuts, everything carries nutritional facts with it. Some are better than others. But one thing is for sure; the nation is in a crisis with obesity. Weight gain is on a rise and more and more of the population is getting bigger and bigger. This can be credited to the nutritional value in the foods we eat. The food we are putting into our bodies is poisoning our population, creating diseases,Read MoreObesity : The Problem Of Pediatric Obesity Essay2132 Words   |  9 Pagesmedically referred to as childhood obesity. In recent years, policy makers and medical professionals have expressed alarm about the burgeoning problem of pediatric obesity in the United States. Consequently, extensive clinical pathological research has continuously been conducted to give answers and amicable solutions to reducing cases of this syndrome. While most concur that the issue it is a serious health issue, consensus resolves around appropriate responses to the problem. This literature review delvesRead MoreThe Problem of Obesity3993 Words   |  16 PagesThe Problem of Obesity Western Governors University Collegiate Level Reasoning and Problem Solving James Reed The Problem of Obesity Obesity is a major problem in American. Year after year, new diets are published, and new medications are hailed as wonder drugs that will take weight off with little physical effort, yet the problem still exists unabated. In testimony before the US Congress, Berzins (2001) asserted that, â€Å"[weight] is a complex result of heredity, culture and lifestyle

On a Tree Fallen Across the Road free essay sample

?The art of poetry is a very deep form of writing which, when executed properly, can be interpreted many different ways. â€Å"On a Tree Fallen Across the Road† by Robert Frost may seem like just a walk in the woods, but it is far from that. This poem is about a man who is faced with a fallen tree blocking his path and has no way of getting around it. In fact, the illustrated problem proves to bring on advancement rather than be an obstacle. Frost demonstrates this with problem solving, progression and demonstrates that problems create personal growth. Problem solving is a major factor of this poem. There are two different types of problems – physical and mental, this situation captures them both. A fallen tree blocking the path is a very concrete problem, but overcoming it requires both mental and physical abilities. In this case, the speaker is faced with a situation which requires evaluation to conquer. We will write a custom essay sample on On a Tree Fallen Across the Road or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"She likes to halt us in our runner tracks, And make us get down in a foot of snow Debating what to do without an ax† (Frost, lines 6, 7 and 8) This is very effective and makes the reader sit back and think of a solution. Many people would associate an axe to a solution of a fallen tree, but in this event, the speaker cannot – he must keep thinking. Sometimes you really have to dig deep for a solution and just do whatever it takes to attain it. In line 7, Frost uses very effective writing to describe what it takes to get to glory, because in most case, it is not the easiest thing to do. With all this said, problem solving is excellent for personal growth because it will help you attain what you desire. In addition, progression is very accurately illustrated in this poem. Frost really makes the reader think that even the smallest decision in life will affect us one way or another. At first, the speaker in this poem does not think he can get around the fallen tree, â€Å"Our passage to our journey’s end for good† (Frost, line 3), but soon realizes that with a little determination, he can and will get around it – â€Å"We will not be put off the final goal / We have it hidden in us to attain† (Frost, lines 10 and 11). There are many people that do not realise that with the right mindset, anything can be attained. The fallen tree in this poem represents life problems, which just need motivation to overcome. Any situation in life should be viewed the way the speaker views the fallen tree; the goal in mind and determination to achieve it. To summarize, progression and overcoming obstacle really does force mental growth. Lastly, Frost illustrates that, with a little thinking, problems are beneficial and create personal growth. When the speaker is faced with this obstacle, he must do whatever it takes to get to the solution. Anything that can be done, will be done in order to get around the problem, but sometimes, the solution is not as easy to attain as it may seem. Thinking outside the box is often necessary, and certainly beneficial, in many situations faced daily. Frost writes â€Å"We have it hidden in us to attain, / Not though we have to seize earth by the pole† (lines 11 and 12), these words of inspiration tell the reader that every human has the ability to overcome obstacles placed before them, and though sometimes this ability is challenging to uncover it can be done. What many people do not realise is that problems induce perseverance by mandating the need to overcome said problem, thereby creating personal growth. To conclude, Robert Frost’s â€Å"On a Tree Fallen Across the Road† can be interpreted many different ways. The use of problem solving, progression and explanation that problems create personal growth strongly enforce the main idea; the illustrated problem proves to bring on advancement rather than be an obstacle.

The Long

The English civil war occurring between 1642 and 1651 was a controversy between the executive headed by King Charles I, and the English legislature. In all his time of leadership, King Charles I had a perception that God Himself granted him leadership to lead England.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Long-Term Impact of the Revolution on Economic Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In his dictatorial capacity, King Charles I refused to recall parliament and instead, went ahead to rule eleven years until when bankruptcy faced his regime. In order to raise money to run government affairs, King Charles I had to recall parliament to enact policies, which will see his regime acquire money through increased taxes. However, the angry members of parliament declined this offer and eventually, controversy ensued. The country was heading towards the worst. King Charles I decided to raid the House of Commons and managed to apprehend several members of parliament. There was high probability that war could ensue ant time. Since there were two warring sides, each citizen had to choose which side to support[1]. Consequently, divisions became nigh. Proprietors and rural folks backed the King even as rich businesspersons and urban dwellers became parliament lieutenants. The sequence of fortified disagreements and political machinations led into a bloody war that claimed lives of many people. Just like in any contest where there is a winner and a looser; parliament triumphed over King Charles I and deposed him. Although the war stopped, parliament went ahead to try King Charles I of treason and found him blameworthy. In 1649, the English monarchy collapsed as King Charles I died through execution while his son, King Charles II went on exile. The Commonwealth of England took over from the authoritarian English monarchy and continued up to 1653 when Oliver Cromwell led the Protectorate until his dea th in 1658. Oliver Cromwell played a significant role during the English Civil War, which saw England change its leadership structure from a monarchy to a republic. Later on, Oliver Cromwell ruled the ephemeral commonwealth of England before being the head of Protectorate between 1653 and 1658. Historical literature depicts Oliver Cromwell as a fascinating icon in the British history.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because, his leadership styles dominated incongruous verdicts for example, backing parliamentary system of governance, constitutional mandate to dissolve parliament, and supporting religious freedom but at the same time, assassinating heretics. The availability of plenty information on his ascendancy into British power alludes him as a historical personage[2]. Oliver Cromwell came from a family that owned large trucks of land. While studying at Cambridge, Oliver Crom well entered Puritanism and integrated his political, religious and personal life into an entity. The landed family decided to send Oliver Cromwell to parliament in order to represent their interests. The fact that Oliver Cromwell hailed from a family of landed gentry, saw him side with other parliamentarians to oppose the royalists. Astonishingly, in 1642, Oliver Cromwell malformed his political career and became an endowed military head notwithstanding his negligible understanding on military operations. Oliver Cromwell led the parliamentary troops (Roundheads) to defeat Charles I’s Cavaliers and finally took over. The long-economic struggle was now underway. The long serving feudal system composed of few aristocracies and Anglican Church goers who wanted to control land and richness. On the other side, there were Roman Catholics who never wanted anything to do with economic, social and scientific advancement. Roman Catholicism was the backbone of feudalism, which made Euro pe a single political system. King Charles I sided with Roman Catholics church and favored its taxation system. Nevertheless, this resulted into anger from Presbyterian bourgeoisie and commercial capitalists. Luckily, this faction composed several members in parliament. The feudal system could not allow expansion of trade and industries as businesspersons had to pay huge taxes imposed by the system. On the other hand, lack of scientific, social and economic growth acted as trade barriers. Feudal landowners suppressed the landed gentry that composed of middle families like that of Cromwell. Consequently, an economic crisis ensued in 1641 and later royal and parliamentarian war[3].Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Long-Term Impact of the Revolution on Economic Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cromwell led the Protectorate towards economic developments. As the Lord Protector, Cromwell dreamt of formi ng a stable nation and ensure peace reigned in a once war tone nation. Nevertheless, social reforms took precedent ahead of government jurisdictions. Cromwell wanted to reach out rich capitalists for economic development. He instituted reforms in the judicial system in order to quell the risen political animosity, reduced hefty taxation and formed diplomatic relationship with the Dutch aimed at concluding First Anglo-Dutch War. Secondly, Cromwell engaged in communal and ethical reorganizations aimed at liberty of conscience and religious sanctity. Additionally, although favoring evangelical Puritanism as the best mode to worship, his desire to economic development saw Cromwell accept Jewish worship. This is because; the Jews were rich people who had led Holland into economic success. In fact, Cromwell encouraged them to return from Holland in order to set up the basis of economic recovery thwarted by the English Civil War. The main aim of doing this was to end feudalism and instead, replace it with capitalism. The revolution was imperative because, it commenced British capitalism that led to industrial revolution and expansion of trade regionally and internationally. Historians do agree that the Cromwell regime though marred with some acts of authoritarianism, laid economic basics, which made Britain an economic powerhouse by nineteenth century. The British bourgeoisie led by Cromwell instituted a powerful revolution whose principal role was to oust feudalism favored by royalists, large landowning nobilities and upper crust Anglican Church members[4]. Historical legitimacy accounts Cromwell together with his army troops as the people behind British capitalism. Cromwell targeted the lower class constituting majority and who felt economic hardships more than any class to ensure triumph over the old order and monarchy.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In schools, students learn that Cromwell fought the monarchy in order to end feudalism, which had led to economic stagnation. Without this revolution, Britain would not have set long-term economic development enjoyed today by Britons. Although majorly viewed by many as a constitutional clash between the monarch and parliament, the interregnum period saw alteration from feudalism to long-term economic development through capitalism. It is from the Cromwellian regime that parliament controls British economy even up to today. In a number of occasions, the bourgeoisie rule instituted by Cromwell regime has controlled economic oppressions like hefty taxations and instead enacted policies that favor liberation of the plebeian. With time, the capitalist order became archaic and in its place, Her Majesty’s Parliament has established long-term economic development. Nevertheless, this is an economic reality coming from the revolution led by Cromwell revolution. Although Cromwell died i n 1658, later on war ensued even as monarchy triumphed this time round, the revolution remained imperative towards economic, social and scientific progress hence, long-term economic developments. Bibliography Hughes, Ann. The Causes of the English Civil War. London: Macmillan publishers, 1991. International Communist League. â€Å"Oliver Cromwell and the English revolution.† Workers Vanguard No. 918. 1 August 2008. Web. Sherwood, Edward. Oliver Cromwell: King In All But Name, 1653-1658. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997. The Cromwell Association. â€Å"Causes of Civil War.† 3 February 2005. The Cromwell Website. Footnotes The Cromwell Association. â€Å"Causes of Civil War.† 3 February 2005, The Cromwell Website. Ann Hughes, The causes of English Civil War (London: Macmillan Publishers, 1991), 1-22. Edward Sherwood, Oliver Cromwell: King In All But Name, 1653-1658 (New York: St Martin’s Press, 1997), 3-28. International Communist League. â€Å"O liver Cromwell and the English revolution.† Workers Vanguard No. 918, 1 August 2008. This essay on The Long-Term Impact of the Revolution on Economic Development was written and submitted by user Kaylin Hernandez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.